Topics on Pure ChocolateSoapods

Yoga and MS

Yoga is known to improve health overall, with every aspect of it enhancing something, mind, body, or spirit. But, overall health aside, yoga is becoming known to be particularly helpful for relief from specific diseases. One of these diseases, Multiple Sclerosis, or MS, is a bit of a medical enigma, with no concrete causes and no concrete cure.

The course of MS is unpredictable. The four categories used to classify the clinical course in a person with MS are: Relapsing - remitting, Primary-progressive, Secondary-progressive, and Progressive-relapsing. In the absence of a resolution, several treatment options must step in to relieve the burden MS places on so many lives. Physical activity is extremely important for individuals with MS, and yoga is now recognized as an excellent means of MS management.
Visit this website for more Info on...
Soapods

Camu-Camu

Another injury common to beginning golfers is shin splints. You may also have these if you've taken an extended lay off from the game and are just returning. The best recommendation that I can make for shin splints is to take a slower pace when starting out or returning to the game. I've personally suffered with shin splints ever since my days in the military and it just takes time to build or rebuild the strength in the muscles in that area of your legs.
Visit this website for more Info on...
Camu-Camu

Login

The Mangosteen is a fruit that grows in tropical regions all over the world but is indigenous to southeast Asia. Known as the Queen of Fruits, it has been used in herbal medicine for many centuries by different cultures around the globe. The rind or pericarp contains xanthones that are proven to be 100 times more powerful as an antioxidant than Vitamin A, C & E.
View this website for more Info on...
Login

HealingElectronic Health Record (EHR) sharing - CEN 13606-1

Introduction

The electronic health record (
EHR)
is evolving from its
fragmented paper based origins into a federated life-time
medical record. As an enabler for improved patient care, the
EHR promises the right information to the right people at
the right time. This promise has been hard to realise.
Clinical information is complex, diverse and volumous. The
EHR system of the future is likely to be a federated
collection of information from a variety of electronic
medical records that together paint a longitudinal and
holistic picture of a patient. Care delivery service
oriented electronic medical records have and continue to be
difficult to implement. A shared electronic health record
(SEHR) will be even more demanding. Key to the shared EHR of
the future will be architecture and standards to make the
exchange of EHR extracts between EHR systems possible while
preserving the medico-legal integrity of the patients
record.

Current EHR standards efforts

Internationally, a number of groups are working to overcome
the challenges of the shared EHR. Such groups include:

* HL7 - an international
standards development organisation responsible for the
HL7 V3 standard including a foundation reference
information model (HL7 V3 RIM) as well as the
clinical document architecture and templates.

* openEHR
OpenEHR - a not for profit company responsible
for the openEHR specifications. These
specifications include the openEHR
reference model and openEHR archetypes.

* CEN - the european committee for standardisation. The
European health informatics committee (otherwise known as
CEN/TC 251).

CEN 13606 EHR communication standard

CEN/TC 251 is defining and revising a five part EHR
communication standard.

* Part 1 - Reference model (a scalable model for representing
health information)

* Part 2 - Archetype interchange specification (an archetype
model is used to represent archetypes when communicated
between archetype repositories within EHRs). Archetypes
define (constrain) legal combinations of the reference model
(described in part 1)

* Part 3 - Reference archetypes and term lists

* Part 4 - Security (a methodology for specifying the
privileges necessary to access the EHR data)

* Part 5 - Exchange models (still under development but will
describe the messaging model to enable the exchange of EHR
data)

The efforts of CEN, HL7, openEHR and others represent
parallel efforts to define shared EHR standards.
Harmonisation of these different approaches is gradually
occurring and will help reduce the complexity of shared EHR
implementations.

CEN 13606-1 Reference model

This article will overview the CEN 13606 reference model
that underpins the exchange of EHR information. The CEN
13606 reference model is an information model that contains
a set of classes and attributes. The CEN 13606 reference
model is represented as a set of unified Modeling Language
(UML) diagrams. The CEN 13606 reference model is a
hierarchical model reflecting the hierarchical nature of
real heath records. The CEN 13606 reference model is
composed of a number of classes which build on each other to
provide the representation of an EHR extract. These classes
include:

* EHR Extract class:- identifies who the extract is about and
what system the extract has been extracted from. EHR data is
(optionally) comprised of directory of folders. The EHR data
is made up of compositions (records authored together and
committed to the EHR), demographics and access control
policies

* Recorded component:- this is a super class of other classes.
These record component classes build from a simple element
to more an more complex structures These classes include:

* Element - a single value

* Item - a single element, a list of elements, a cluster or a
list of clusters. Item therefore allows the representation
of a wide range of data structures.

* Entry - items recorded for a single recording in the EHR
(e.g. a single observation)

* Section - entries grouped together

* Composition - set of record components authored during a
users clinical sessions and stored in the EHR (e.g. a
progress note)

* Folders - allows grouping of the record. Folders can include
other folders, compositions or used to organise (selected
subset) of the EHR extract.

* Other classes such as audit, record linkages, access policy
and message

Using such a hierarchy an EHR extract can be built starting
with elements and then successively grouping into items,
entries, sections, compositions and folders.

Summary

In summary the CEN 13606-1 reference model defines the
information model for representing an EHR extract. It is
composed of a set of hierarchical classes required to
support communications between systems that request or
provide EHR data.